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	<title>Andrew Cusack &#187; Quebec</title>
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	<link>http://www.andrewcusack.com</link>
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		<title>Le drapeau « Jacques Cartier »</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2011/12/04/drapeau-jacques-cartier/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2011/12/04/drapeau-jacques-cartier/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 04 Dec 2011 19:00:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Cusack</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Errant Thoughts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flags]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Quebec]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Canada]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewcusack.com/?p=17645</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Heraldist Maurice Brodeur designed a flag commemorating Jacques Cartier, founder of Quebec and Canada. <a href="http://www.andrewcusack.com/2011/12/04/drapeau-jacques-cartier/">read more</a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://www.andrewcusack.com/net/wp-content/uploads/drapjc1.jpg"></p>
<p><span class="dcap2">T</span>o be filed under &#8216;Flags I Never Knew Existed&#8217;: the Québécois heraldist Maurice Brodeur designed a flag commemorating the French explorer Jacques Cartier, founder of Quebec and Canada. The banner was designed to hang as an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex-voto">ex-voto</a> in the Memorial Basilica of Christ the King in <a href="http://www.andrewcusack.com/2008/12/22/gaspe-peninsula/">Gaspé</a>, conceived in the 1920&#8242;s as an offering of thanks for the four-hundredth anniversary of the claiming of Canada by Cartier. The Great Depression brought the project to a halt, and the church was finally finished in 1969 as a modernist cathedral in wood — the only wooden cathedral in Catholic North America.</p>
<p>Was the flag ever actually executed? I don&#8217;t know, but I doubt it.</p>
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		<title>Les fondements de notre civilisation occidentale</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2011/06/12/egards-quebec/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2011/06/12/egards-quebec/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 12 Jun 2011 13:46:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Cusack</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Errant Thoughts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Quebec]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Canada]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Catholicism]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewcusack.com/?p=16223</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The latest <i>Égards</i> contains an interesting analysis of the current situation of conservatism in Quebec. <a href="http://www.andrewcusack.com/2011/06/12/egards-quebec/">read more</a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p>« Les fondements de notre civilisation occidentale sont chrétiens ; le respect du christianisme est une condition sine qua non d&#8217;une droite qui veut conserver non seulement la prospérité économique, mais ce qui est au fondement de toute prospérité durable : le souci du bien commun, le respect de la loi naturelle, le sens de la justice. »</p></blockquote>
<p><span class="dcap2">T</span>he latest issue of <i>Égards</i>, the premier journal of traditional conservatism in Quebec, contains an <a href="http://www.egards.qc.ca/?p=321">interesting analysis</a> of the current situation faced by the various streams of the <i>centre-droit</i> spectrum in the province. I am, however, very much against the perpetual organisation-founding that goes on in political circles. There seems to be a belief that, when in doubt, start a new organisation, but this is precisely what the author, M. Décarie, proposes.</p>
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		<title>Interesting Things Elsewhere</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2010/07/21/interesting-things-elsewhere-2/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2010/07/21/interesting-things-elsewhere-2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 21 Jul 2010 18:14:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Cusack</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Architecture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Canada]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Church]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Great Britain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Quebec]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[South Africa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[China]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Christian Democracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Interesting Things Elsewhere]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewcusack.com/?p=12693</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The determined Irishman who's taken on the most complex criminal network in South Africa, the British state ignoring its government, Christian Democracy, the most Catholic village in China, Alain de Botton's modernism, and French Canada. <a href="http://www.andrewcusack.com/2010/07/21/interesting-things-elsewhere-2/">read more</a>]]></description>
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<h2><big><a href="http://www.thedailymaverick.co.za/article/2010-07-06-paul-osullivan-and-im-also-going-after-thabo-mbeki">This determined Celt is gunning for Thabo</a></big></h2>
<p><span class="ident">Kevin Bloom | The Daily Maverick</span><br />
<big style="line-height: 1.5em;">Ireland&#8217;s <img src="http://www.andrewcusack.com/net/wp-content/uploads/posull.jpg" style="float: left; margin: 5px 10px 5px 0px;"><b>Paul O&#8217;Sullivan</b> took over as head of security at South Africa&#8217;s airport authority in 2001, and discovered <b>something was wrong</b> from the start: why didn’t the policeman on duty want to take a statement about the attempted theft of his baggage? Since then, his life has been a series of bizarre events leading him ever deeper into <b>the most complex criminal network of the post-apartheid era</b>, including the recent the trial and conviction of former national police chief Jackie Selebi. But O&#8217;Sullivan&#8217;s determined quest to expose crookedness isn&#8217;t over yet, and he now has former president <b>Thabo Mbeki</b> in his sights. <a href="http://www.thedailymaverick.co.za/article/2010-07-06-paul-osullivan-and-im-also-going-after-thabo-mbeki"><b>read more</b></a></big></p>
<h2><a href="http://inspectorgadget.wordpress.com/2010/06/29/i-think-im-in-love-with-theresa-may/">The apparatus of state will simply ignore the government</a></h2>
<p><span class="ident">‘Inspector Gadget’ | Police Inspector Blog</span><br />
Police across England were told by the responsible minister of the democratically elected government that they <b>must not</b> chase performance targets any longer. &#8220;I can also announce today that I am also scrapping the confidence target,&#8221; said the Home Secretary, Theresa May, &#8220;and the policing pledge with immediate effect&#8221;. But the &#8216;senior management team&#8217; of the West Yorkshire Police have stated <b>they will go on</b> no matter what the government says. <a href="http://inspectorgadget.wordpress.com/2010/06/29/i-think-im-in-love-with-theresa-may/"><b>read more</b></a></p>
<h2><a href="">Has Christian Democracy reached a dead end?</a></h2>
<p><span class="ident">Jan-Werner Mueller | Guardian.co.uk</span><br />
The commentator completes a brief survey of the struggles of Christian Democracy in Germany and Europe today. The French leader Georges Bidault claimed that Christian Democracy meant <b>&#8220;to govern in the centre, and pursue, by the methods of the right, the policies of the left&#8221;</b>. But Christian Democracy&#8217;s brief French moment in the 1950s didn&#8217;t survive the return of de Gaulle, and Christian Democratic parties on the continent today face an existential crisis. <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/belief/2010/jun/10/has-christian-democracy-reached-a-dead-end-in-europe"><b>read more</b></a></p>
<p><b>Also:</b> Monsignor Ignacio Barreiro&#8217;s talk at the Roman Forum&#8217;s <a href="http://www.romanforum.org/symposium/summer2010/program/">2010 Summer Symposium</a>, entitled <b>The Problem of Christian Democracy</b> will be made available online in audio form sometime in the coming months.</p>
<h2><a href="http://www.ignatiusinsight.com/features2010/tclark_catholicvillage_july2010.asp">Deep in Shanxi, the most Catholic village in China</a></h2>
<p><span class="ident">Anthony E. Clark | Ignatius Insight</span><br />
<b>Church after church dot the landscape</b> and high steeples rise above small villages as they do in southern France. Passing through a narrow side road one arrives and is welcomed by three great statues at the village entrance: St. Peter holding his keys is flanked by Saints Simon and Paul. Thirty minutes before Mass <b>the village loudspeakers, once airing the revolutionary voice of Mao and Party slogans, now broadcasts the rosary</b>. Welcome to Liuhecun, the most Catholic village in China. <a href="http://www.ignatiusinsight.com/features2010/tclark_catholicvillage_july2010.asp"><b>read more</b></a></p>
<h2><a href="http://dinomarcantonio.posterous.com/alain-de-bottons-mirage">Look for me in the Cotswolds.</a></h2>
<p><span class="ident">Dino Marcantonio</span><br />
The apologists for modernist architecture have tried for a century to gain public acceptance of and appreciation for their horrors. While the elites have almost overwhelmingly been converted, the general populace around the world still sees that <b>the Emperor has no clothes</b>, and almost always prefers architecture that reflects the tried and true, the local and the natural. <b>Alain de Botton</b>, the Swiss essayist, &#8216;pop philosopher&#8217;, and former &#8216;writer-in-residence&#8217; at Heathrow Airport, is the latest to give it a go, this time in the pages of the modernist <i>Architectural Record</i>. <b>Dino Marcantonio</b> provides a most useful fisking. <a href="http://dinomarcantonio.posterous.com/alain-de-bottons-mirage"><b>read more</b></a></p>
<h2><a href="http://www2.macleans.ca/2010/07/19/canada-is-a-french-country/">Canada is a French country</a></h2>
<p><span class="ident">Andrew Coyne | Maclean&#8217;s</span><br />
At the recent Canada Day celebrations on Parliament Hill, Canadian PM Stephen Harper spoke of “the steadfast determination and continental ambition of <b>our French pioneers</b>, who were the first to call themselves ‘Canadians.’” At other times he has spoken of Canada as having been “born in French,” of French as “<b>Canada’s first language</b>,” and, most famously, of Quebec City as “Canada’s first city,” its founding in 1608 as marking “<b>the founding of the Canadian state</b>.” While the sentiment may seen anodyne, moreover, the implications are radical. <a href="http://www2.macleans.ca/2010/07/19/canada-is-a-french-country/"><b>read more</b></a></p>
</div>
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		<title>Tintin à Quebec</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2010/04/26/tintin-quebec/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2010/04/26/tintin-quebec/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 27 Apr 2010 00:23:08 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Cusack</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Comics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Errant Thoughts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Quebec]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tintin]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewcusack.com/?p=10949</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The efforts of Moulinsart (the commercial wing of the Hergé Foundation) notwithstanding, Tintin pastiches are fairly common, with Quebec's Yves Rodier highly regarded in that field. <a href="http://www.andrewcusack.com/2010/04/26/tintin-quebec/">read more</a>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><center><img src="http://www.andrewcusack.com/net/wp-content/uploads/ttaque1.jpg"></center></p>
<p><span class="dcap2">T</span>intinophilia and its allied science of Tintintology can almost seem like a cult sometime, with Moulinsart, the commercial wing of the Hergé Foundation, acting feverishly to quell any and all unauthorised outbreaks of Tintin resurrection. Their assiduity notwithstanding, Tintin pastiches are fairly common (though illegal) and vary in nature from respectful admiration to downright mockery. The Quebecois cartoonist Yves Rodier is one of the foremost pasticheurs of the famous Belgian boy reporter, and produced this cover (<i>above</i>) of a non-existant Tintin book set in the beautiful capital city of Canada&#8217;s French province.</p>
<p>While Tintin did visit Scotland in <i>The Black Isle</i>, I&#8217;d love to see a <i>Tintin in Edinburgh</i> book, and even more so <i>Tintin in the Cape</i>.</p>
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		<title>La Grande Séduction</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2010/01/08/la-grande-seduction/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2010/01/08/la-grande-seduction/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 08 Jan 2010 20:50:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Cusack</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cinema]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Quebec]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Canada]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewcusack.com/?p=8705</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This is a perfectly charming film. &#8220;La Grande Séduction&#8221; comically celebrates the dignity of work and the assault on the human character that inevitably results from reliance upon government welfare for survival. The inhabitants of the small fishing village of Ste-Marie-La-Mauderne have refused to abandon their homes after the collapse of fishing, but lack the [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><object width="530" height="420"><param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/WIC5CeiKQEQ&#038;hl=en_US&#038;fs=1&#038;rel=0"></param><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"></param><param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"></param><embed src="http://www.youtube.com/v/WIC5CeiKQEQ&#038;hl=en_US&#038;fs=1&#038;rel=0" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" width="530" height="420"></embed></object></p>
<p><span class="dcap2">T</span>his is a perfectly charming film. &#8220;La Grande Séduction&#8221; comically celebrates the dignity of work and the assault on the human character that inevitably results from reliance upon government welfare for survival. The inhabitants of the small fishing village of Ste-Marie-La-Mauderne have refused to abandon their homes after the collapse of fishing, but lack the resident doctor a potential investor requires in order to build his factory in the town. &#8220;La Grande Séduction&#8221; (released in Anglophone cinemas as &#8220;Seducing Dr. Lewis&#8221;) depicts the efforts of prominent townsfolk to unite and persuade the arrogant city-slicker Dr. Lewis to sign up as doctor for their little corner of the world.</p>
<p>Fans of &#8220;Local Hero&#8221; or &#8220;Waking Ned Devine&#8221; will find the theme familiar, but with a remote corner of maritime Quebec substituting for the Celtic hinterlands of the British Isles. If anything, the film allows the viewer an opportunity to hear that charming Québécois back-country accent. There are also elements that will grate somewhat the prudish tendencies of Anglos like us, but one must make allowances for the Latin temperament that survives in <i>la Nouvelle-France</i> and the other Romance realms.</p>
<p>Overall, a celebration of place, work, and community, and an interesting exploration of the conflict between artificiality and authenticity.</p>
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		<title>First Things, Three Songs</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2009/07/01/first-things-three-songs/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2009/07/01/first-things-three-songs/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 01 Jul 2009 13:45:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Cusack</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Great Britain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Quebec]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[South Africa]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tradition]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Music]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewcusack.com/?p=3744</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Through an interesting post by Joseph Bottum on the First Things blog, I discover that R. R. Reno posted all three of the songs I elaborated upon in my June 2007 post &#8220;We&#8217;ve Lost More Than We&#8217;ll Ever Know&#8221;, though (so far as I can tell) he arrived at the same three without stumbling across [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://www.andrewcusack.com/net/wp-content/uploads/threecorners1.jpg"></p>
<p>Through an <a href="http://www.firstthings.com/blogs/firstthoughts/2009/06/29/rural-rides/">interesting post by Joseph Bottum</a> on the <i>First Things</i> blog, I discover that R. R. Reno posted all three of the songs I elaborated upon in my June 2007 post <a href="http://www.andrewcusack.com/2007/06/21/weve-lost-more-than-well-ever-know/">&ldquo;We&#8217;ve Lost More Than We&#8217;ll Ever Know&rdquo;</a>, though (so far as I can tell) he arrived at the same three without stumbling across my entry on them. I always read <i>First Things</i> in New York (it&#8217;s one of my favourites, and simply a <i>must-read</i>), but it&#8217;s sadly not available in South Africa (bar actually scraping one&#8217;s pennies together for a subscription) so I&#8217;ll just have to wade through friends&#8217; archives when I return to the Empire State. (Or does the <a href="http://www.nysoclib.org/">Society Library</a> have a subscription? And if not, why not?).</p>
<p>While it has a reputation among some Catholics as being a bit too liberal &#038; democratist, I suspect the whiff of Americanism one finds in the pages of <i>First Things</i> is akin to the aroma of tobacco in an old bar: the smell lingers but that doesn&#8217;t mean anyone&#8217;s actually still smoking. Nonetheless, they often feature top-notch articles and writing that are of interest to Catholics &#038; other traditionalists.</p>
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		<title>Quebec Stamp</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2009/07/01/quebec-stamp/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2009/07/01/quebec-stamp/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 01 Jul 2009 08:46:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Cusack</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Design]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Quebec]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Canada]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Stamps]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewcusack.com/?p=3721</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[This stamp was designed by Jorge Peral, the artistic director of the Canadian Bank Note Company, for Canada Post to commemorate the four-hundredth anniversary of the foundation of Quebec.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://www.andrewcusack.com/net/wp-content/uploads/quecanstamp1.jpg"></p>
<p>This stamp was designed by Jorge Peral, the artistic director of the Canadian Bank Note Company, for <a href="www.canadapost.ca/">Canada Post</a> to commemorate the four-hundredth anniversary of the foundation of <a href="http://www.andrewcusack.com/tag/quebec/">Quebec</a>.</p>
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		<title>Peter Hitchens on America</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2009/04/30/peter-hitchens-on-america/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2009/04/30/peter-hitchens-on-america/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2009 17:41:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Cusack</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Great Britain]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Quebec]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Canada]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewcusack.com/?p=3054</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The British journalist Peter Hitchens is always worth reading because he simply tells the truth and has none of the aspirations to be an important member of the political class that lead other journalists to support the most ridiculous notions simply because they are the flavour of the month. In this recent dispatch, Mr. Hitchens [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div style="font: 14px 'Times New Roman'; color: #666666;"><i>The British journalist </i><b>Peter Hitchens</b><i> is always worth reading because he simply tells the truth and has none of the aspirations to be an important member of the political class that lead other journalists to support the most ridiculous notions simply because they are the flavour of the month. In <a href="http://hitchensblog.mailonsunday.co.uk/2009/04/on-returning-from-america.html">this recent dispatch</a>, Mr. Hitchens gives us his Englishman&#8217;s take on America, and touches upon much that is of interest to me, especially when he discusses the Canada/U.S. dichotomy. Read on.</i></div>
<p><span style="font: 18px tahoma,helvetica; color: #CC0000; font-weight: bold;">On returning from America</span></p>
<p><span class="dcap2">I</span> have spent the past two weeks in the United States, not working but travelling on my own account, revisiting some favourite places and coming up for air. It remains an exhilarating and beautiful place, wrongly sneered at by too many British people who simply haven&#8217;t experienced enough of it to know how good it can be, and how much worse off we would be if it weren&#8217;t there. But it is also a foreign country, not some kind of special friend &#8211; but a foreign country to which we have unique access because we speak a similar language. Only fluent French or German speakers could ever know as much about those countries as any British visitor can swiftly learn about the USA &#8211; if he wants to.</p>
<p>Rather than re-immerse myself in the small-scale squalor of British politics, which seems even less appealing or interesting than it was when I set out, I thought I would muse a little on what an English person experiences in the great republic, and what it means (or might mean) for us.</p>
<p><span id="more-3054"></span>It is now many years since I lived in Bethesda, Maryland, an idyllic suburban settlement just North-West of Washington DC. I still remember with a faint smile English acquaintances and colleagues gulping in dismay when I said I was going to live &#8216;in Washington&#8217; (the distinction between DC and Maryland was a mystery to them, so I didn&#8217;t trouble them with it) . Several &#8211; having read sketchy reports about Washington being the USA&#8217;s murder capital, as it then indeed was &#8211; thought I would swiftly be murdered, mugged or just gunned down by some firearm-crazy person. Others imagined a howling wasteland of vast distances, given this idea by the fact that my house number had four digits instead of the two or three more usually found in Britain.</p>
<p>As it happens, my road (many miles from the national capital&#8217;s drug-infested crime zones) was shorter than most English suburban equivalents, overhung with huge trees and wonderfully intimate and neighbourly. The American system of house numbering is a sort of postcode, and only the final two digits tell you anything about the length of the street.  Children ran in and out of everyone&#8217;s houses. Parents patrolled the street in the evening to slow down or stop the (rare) cars that drove through. We hung a Union Flag on the pole which was fitted as standard over our front door (my landlord had said I could fly anything there except the Confederate Stars and Bars, which I didn&#8217;t want to display anyway), to the often-expressed pleasure of everyone else on the road. One of my neighbours took my education in hand and insisted I went with him to a football game ( Baseball was on strike most of the time I was there, or he&#8217;d have taken me to that too). Doors and cars were left unlocked, Democrats and Republicans mixed happily, I never saw or heard a gun there or within miles. Our local ambulance service (which was well-equipped and excellent) was run by volunteers, financed by contributions from thousands of us, and by a spectacular annual lobster feast &#8211; and free of charge to those who needed it. A dozen preconceptions died within minutes.</p>
<p>The only sad truth was that Montgomery County, the lush district where we lived, was almost entirely white, whereas Prince George&#8217;s County, a few miles to the East and more or less as peaceful and prosperous, was almost wholly black, reflecting a more or less voluntary racial division that nobody likes to talk about but which persists despite fifty years of civil rights.</p>
<p>There are dozens of other things that don&#8217;t quite fit the English prejudice. Where I lived, and in many other US cities, public transport was if anything better than in Britain, especially the clean, safe, spacious and well-designed Washington Metro. Manners were almost always better than they were here. There is intelligent broadcasting, not on the BBC but on doggedly liberal radio stations financed by subscription and contributions ( we helped raise money for our local station, despite its politics, because of the way it upheld standards of language and debate, which is roughly what I do for the BBC, though a bit more voluntary). There was also free medical provision for the truly poor, while private medicine as then and is now in a crisis not wholly unlike that which grips the NHS, with the insurance companies pressing hospitals and doctors to keep costs down.</p>
<p>Other paradoxes in this supposedly &#8216;right-wing&#8217; country were the pervasive political correctness in broadcasting journalism and education, the gigantic welfare state created mainly by Lyndon Johnson, and the laborious efforts to make Spanish an official language, far more costly than it would have been to insist that everyone spoke English.</p>
<p>But what I found most fascinating was the feeling that, despite all this, you really were much more on your own, for better or worse. Oddly enough this would come home to me when I took trips across the Canadian border, the only frontier in the world which exists to separate two different ideas about how to be free. I was both reassured and somehow constrained by the sight of St Edward&#8217;s Crown on Canadian police badges (and also by the evocative little signs by Ontario main roads, with the same crown and the legend &#8216;The King&#8217;s Highway&#8217;, a haunting phrase which is now of course being removed on the pretext that it might upset bilingual fanatics, though why they can&#8217;t just have every other sign saying &#8216;Le Chemin du Roi&#8217;, or &#8216;Chemin Royal&#8217; I do not know. Plenty of French Canadians seem to me to be closet royalists, far from keen on the 1789 revolution).</p>
<p>Up there, I thought, I was a little safer from the consequences of my own (or other people&#8217;s folly) and a little less free to fail or succeed on my own. The idea that authority proceeds from the Crown, and the Crown&#8217;s authority ultimately flows from a benevolent God) still persists in Canada. I suspect this is at the root of the idea that the state has duties towards its citizens, which produces things unknown in the USA, such as a comprehensive national health system and a state broadcasting network. Which do I like more? The more I think about it, the more I can&#8217;t make up my mind.</p>
<p>In the USA, authority is supposed to be vested in the free people, and if you want to have a relationship with God then you must have it directly. This also has something to do with the issue of guns. Though I believe Canadian gun law is much less restrictive than Britain&#8217;s, it isn&#8217;t as relaxed as the USA&#8217;s. I&#8217;ve written at length about gun laws in my 2003 book &#8216;A Brief History of Crime&#8217;. I argued that it&#8217;s clearly demonstrable that restricting the ownership of guns by law-abiding people doesn&#8217;t actually make anyone any safer, and in some cases may actually put them at risk of becoming victims. If that is so, then the desire of the state to restrict gun ownership (which disarms everyone except criminals) needs another explanation. This was of course misrepresented by my opponents, and will be again now. But the survival of personal gun ownership in the USA seems to me to be a sign that it is a more grown-up society, both permitting and requiring more responsibility from individuals than we do. The only gun owner I knew personally when I lived in Washington was a (female) prosecutor who was allowed to carry a gun in her handbag in Virginia, a remarkably peaceful state, but had to leave it behind when she went into the risky parts of Washington DC (which certainly do exist), where guns are denied to the law-abiding but owned by thousands of drug gangsters (who exist, by the way, not because drugs are illegal but because people stupidly take and buy illegal drugs). Her husband, a magazine editor, kept a squirrel gun by his desk as he worked in his suburban home, surrounded by dense woodland. This could be disconcerting for visitors as he would sometimes seize the firearm in mid-conversation, and blast at a nearby rodent through the open window. He never seemed to hit anything at all.</p>
<p>Here&#8217;s another example of how America treats its people as being more responsible for their actions and lives than we do, and what that can mean in practice. On a visit to Alabama to write about the reintroduction of chain gangs I asked one shackled convict, clearing weeds from beside a motorway, what he was in prison for. The answer &#8211; writing cheques without the cash to back them. Now, if that got you put on a chain gang in Britain, we wouldn&#8217;t have enough chains to go round.</p>
<p>The USA still more or less believes in punishment for people who commit crimes, and those who break the law can find themselves flung into a grim world of the lost, quite terrifying and implacable. I shudder for any innocent person who drops through that trap door, though it seems to me that Britain&#8217;s penal system is fast becoming as savage, but without being punitive towards the criminals themselves. If the USA ever abandons its Bill of Rights and becomes the authoritarian state which Dick Cheney and his accomplice George W.Bush seemed intent on creating, then it could rapidly become a very frightening place. I&#8217;m never sure how deeply rooted the old English principles of presumed innocence and Habeas Corpus actually are in the USA, and there are incidents &#8211; Lincoln&#8217;s suspension of Habeas Corpus, Woodrow Wilson&#8217;s imprisonment of objectors to World War One, the 1920s Palmer raids, Roosevelt&#8217;s internment of Japanese Americans &#8211; which suggest that lawful liberty is quite fragile there in difficult times (not that we have much to boast about these days).</p>
<p>There&#8217;s another thing I always love about being in the USA &#8211; that unmistakable symptom of a society of genuinely free men, the continuing use of miles, yards, feet and inches, ounces, pounds and pints, not to mention quarts and gallons. And the temperatures still in flexible Fahrenheit, where the difference between being dead and alive (or between a warm spring day and a cold one) is a lot more than two degrees.</p>
<p>Arriving back in the vast liberal prison reception area that is Heathrow, with its officious &#8216;UK Border&#8217; (which it isn&#8217;t, as it is controlled by the EU) and its metres and litres, makes the heart sink. And yet I remember long ago how I used to experience a comforting feeling of homecoming when I stepped off the Channel steamer at Newhaven or Folkestone, and was embraced by the quiet, green, unconquered smallness and individuality of England.</p>
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		<title>The arms of the Hon. Paul Comtois</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2009/04/08/comtois-arms/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2009/04/08/comtois-arms/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 08 Apr 2009 13:14:40 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Cusack</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Heraldry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Quebec]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Saints]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Canada]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Paul Comtois]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Our friend Mr. Bruce Patterson, who is St-Laurent Herald up in the Canadian Heraldic Authority, was kind enough to send along this rendering of the arms of the Hon. Paul Comtois from Beddoe&#8217;s Canadian Heraldry. As Bruce points out, the garbs probably refer to Comtois&#8217;s agricultural background, and the miner&#8217;s pick in the crest alludes [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><center><img src="http://www.andrewcusack.com/net/wp-content/uploads/comtoisarms1.jpg"></center></p>
<p><span class="dcap2">O</span>ur friend Mr. Bruce Patterson, who is St-Laurent Herald up in the Canadian Heraldic Authority, was kind enough to send along this rendering of the arms of <a href="http://www.andrewcusack.com/2009/03/24/paul-comtois/">the Hon. Paul Comtois</a> from <i>Beddoe&#8217;s Canadian Heraldry</i>. As Bruce points out, the garbs probably refer to Comtois&#8217;s agricultural background, and the miner&#8217;s pick in the crest alludes to his ministerial portfolio. The motto is &#8220;Be frank &#038; honest&#8221;.</p>
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		<title>Paul Comtois of Québec</title>
		<link>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2009/03/24/paul-comtois/</link>
		<comments>http://www.andrewcusack.com/2009/03/24/paul-comtois/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2009 10:43:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andrew Cusack</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Canada]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Church]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Quebec]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Saints]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Catholicism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Paul Comtois]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Politics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tradition]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.andrewcusack.com/?p=2760</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Farmer, Politician, Hero, Saint From time to time there are men in history whose heroism runs so counter to the spirit of the age that the arbiters of passing fashion must simply ignore him rather than run the risk of acknowledging his embarassing greatness and goodness. God has graced the New World with many of [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2>Farmer, Politician, Hero, Saint</h2>
<p><img src="http://www.andrewcusack.com/net/wp-content/uploads/paulcomt6.jpg"></p>
<p><span class="dcap">F</span>rom time to time there are men in history whose heroism runs so counter to the spirit of the age that the arbiters of passing fashion must simply ignore him rather than run the risk of acknowledging his embarassing greatness and goodness. God has graced the New World with many of his saints, some of whom — Rose of Lima, Martin de Porres, Mother Seton — have already been raised to the altar, others — Fulton Sheen, Fr. Solanus Casey — are certainly on their way, but yet more remain unsung and almost forgotten. Paul Comtois (1895–1966), Lieutenant-Governor of Québec until his heroic death, is just one of these such saints.</p>
<p><span id="more-2760"></span>
<div style="width: 170px; float: right; margin: 0px 0px 10px 20px; text-align: left;"><img src="http://www.andrewcusack.com/net/wp-content/uploads/quebecmapbw1.jpg" style="width: 170px; height: 255px; margin-bottom: 5px;"><br /><span style="font: 11px tahoma,sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">The province of Québec</span></div>
<p>Jean-Paul-François Comtois was born in Saint-Thomas-de-Pierreville, in Québec&#8217;s Yamaska County on August 22, 1895. His father, Urbain Comtois, was a merchant of old Québécois farming stock while his mother, Elizabeth (née McCaffrey) was of Irish descent. After completing the <i>cours classique</i> at the Collège de Nicolet, Paul Comtois was admitted to the Université de Montréal. He studied agronomy at the Institut agricole d&#8217;Oka, an agricultural institute run by monks at a Trappist monastery, and received his degree in 1918.</p>
<p>His studies completed, Comtois returned to Pierreville to run the family farm, Ferme des Ormes, whose land had first been cleared by his grandfather in 1835. In 1921, he married Irène-Anne-Rachel Gill, who provided Comtois with three sons and two daughters.</p>
<p>Paul Comtois continued to farm for two decades, earning the <i>médaille de bronze du Mérite agricole</i> in 1926, but became an increasingly active participant in the civic affairs of his community. He was made the head of the local school board in 1928, and ran as the Conservative candidate for the the Nicolet-Yamaska constituency in the 1930 federal parliamentary election, losing by just one vote! Comtois was chief evaluator for the Agricultural Commission from 1935 to 1936, when he became the general manager of the provincial <i>Office du crédit agricole</i>, a post he held until 1957. In the mean time, he served for a year on the Housing Committee in 1948, co-founded the agricultural cooperative in his native Pierreville, and was made president (from 1945 to 1961) of the <i>Caisse populaire de Pierreville</i>, one of the cooperative credit unions founded by the Church to provide for the financial well-being of rural Québec.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.andrewcusack.com/net/wp-content/uploads/paulcomt2.jpg"></p>
<div style="width: 170px; float: right; margin: 0px 0px 10px 20px; text-align: left;"><img src="http://www.andrewcusack.com/net/wp-content/uploads/paulcomt4.jpg" style="width: 170px; height: 224px; margin-bottom: 5px;"><br /><span style="font: 11px tahoma,sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">L&#8217;hon. Paul Comtois, Lieutenant-gouverneur du Québec</span></div>
<p>From 1948 to 1961, Paul Comtois was mayor of the parish of Saint-Thomas-de-Pierreville, and he was made Prefect of Yamaska County in 1956. One year later, he avenged his 1930 electoral defeat by being elected to the House of Commons for Nicolet-Yamaska in the 1957 election. That August, Comtois was appointed to the Privy Council and was made Minister of Mines in the cabinet of the legendary Canadian Prime Minister, John Diefenbaker. After four years in the Canadian cabinet, the Governor-General, on the advice of the Prime Minister, appointed Paul Comtois Lieutenant-Governor of Québec, the personal representative of the Queen in the province.</p>
<p>Comtois took to the viceregal office with great assiduity. A popular socialite, he was a member of the Garrison Club and the Quebec Winter Club. A devoted Catholic, he was active in the Knights of Columbus and the League of the Sacred Heart. As is custom for Canadian viceregal representatives, Comtois was made a knight of the Venerable Order of St. John. He received an honorary doctorate from the University of Sherbrooke in 1962, and another from McGill University a year later, and was made Commander of the <i>Ordre du mérite agronomique</i>.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.andrewcusack.com/net/wp-content/uploads/paulcomt3.jpg"></p>
<p><span style="font: 11px tahoma,sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">Lieutenant-Governor Paul Comtois opens the annual session of the Parliament of Québec.</span></p>
<p>Yet while the Lieutenant-Governor and his wife attended balls at the province&#8217;s best hotels and were invited to dinner parties in its most prominent homes, the entire family said the Rosary together every day, often outdoors despite the harsh winter cold. The family lived in the official viceregal residence, Bois-de-Coulonge, in the Quebec City suburb of Sillery (a city named after the holy Frenchman <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noël_Brûlart_de_Sillery">Noël Brûlart de Sillery</a>). Comtois sought permission from the Cardinal Archbishop of Québec, Primate of Canada, to reserve the Blessed Sacrament in the private chapel at Bois-de-Coulonge. The Cardinal was hesitant but eventually agreed to Comtois&#8217;s pious request.</p>
<div style="width: 250px; float: right; margin: 0px 0px 10px 20px; text-align: left;"><img src="http://www.andrewcusack.com/net/wp-content/uploads/paulcomt7.jpg" style="width: 250px; height: 200px; margin-bottom: 5px;"><br /><span style="font: 11px tahoma,sans-serif; font-weight: bold;">Bois-de-Coulonge</span></div>
<p>&#8220;My father once told me that he had difficulty in being granted the special permission from the Cardinal to permanently keep the Blessed Sacrament in the private chapel,&#8221; Comtois&#8217;s daughter Mireille recalled later. &#8220;When he finally was given this permission, it was on condition that he be personally responsible for its safe and proper keeping. And my father was a man who lived up to his obligations at all costs.&#8221;</p>
<p><span class="dcap2">A</span>fter midnight on the evening of February 21, 1966 — a bitterly cold night of -24° Fahrenheit, -31° Celsius — the Lieutenant-Governor, his family, and some guests returned to Bois-de-Coulonge from a social event. A half-hour after the assembled had said their good-nights and retired to bed, a ferocious fire erupted in the basement of the 105-year-old manor.</p>
<p>&#8220;The fire started as though it were in a matchbox,&#8221; Lt. Col. J.P. Martin, the Lieutenant-Governor&#8217;s aide-de-camp, reported. &#8220;It was incredible to see with what speed the flames spread through the building.&#8221;</p>
<p>As soon as the fire was noticed, the governor immediately took charge, guiding his wife and children out of the house into the cold winter&#8217;s night outside. His daughter Mireille, however, noticed her father would not yet leave the tinderbox house.</p>
<p>&#8220;As I was racing through the building to escape from the fire, I came upon my father in the chapel. As I was going to run to him, he firmly ordered me to jump from a nearby window and I did, wondering why he did not do likewise. The last I saw of him, he was standing under the sanctuary lamp in his pajamas and wearing around his neck the souvenir Rosary from his father which he said every night and wore to sleep.&#8221;</p>
<p>Having been assured that all his family and guests had escaped the inferno, the seventy-year-old Paul Comtois returned to the private chapel in which he visited the Lord every evening before bed to save the Blessed Sacrament from the desecrating fire. He reached the chapel, already engulfed in flames, but managed to make it to the tabernacle and remove the pyx containing the Body of Christ. Leaving the chapel, he descended the staircase which collapsed about him, and the Lieutenant-Governor was burned alive in the inferno. The fire in which Paul Comtois died was so hot that the first firemen on the scene could not approach within a hundred feet of the building.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.andrewcusack.com/net/wp-content/uploads/paulcomt5.jpg"></p>
<p>&#8220;I was told,&#8221; Mireille continues, &#8220;that when they found him, his body was badly burned and his arms were no longer intact; but my father was a big stocky man and under the upper part of his body they found the pyx used to carry the Holy Eucharist. His body had saved it from the flames. … I can still picture him standing there in the light of the sanctuary lamp.&#8221;</p>
<p>Maurice Cardinal Roy, the Archbishop of Québec &#038; Primate of Canada, said that &#8220;Mr. Comtois, as a Christian, gave an example of wisdom and goodness, humility, and radiant faith.&#8221;</p>
<p>&#8220;I jumped to safety from a second-storey balcony, injuring my back in doing so and was hospitalized for some time after,&#8221; said Mac Stearns, one of the family&#8217;s guests that evening. &#8220;My wife and I were good friends of the Comtois family. We were in the habit of visiting one another. I grew to be a close friend and admirer of Paul Comtois. He was a very sincere person, deeply concerned with the problems of humanity.&#8221;</p>
<p>&#8220;His tremendous religious faith impressed me greatly and was no doubt instrumental in my embracing the Catholic faith some time after his death. Knowing his great fervor for the Blessed Sacrament, I have no doubt whatsoever that Paul would do all in his power to rescue the Holy Eucharist from the fire.&#8221;</p>
<p>Paul Comtois&#8217;s heroism stands in direct contrast to the cowardice of the changing establishment of the time in reporting his death. &#8220;The left-wing press: <i>Le Devoir</i>, <i>La Presse</i> of Montreal, <i>Le Soleil</i> of Quebec City, played down the wonderful deed,&#8221; wrote Fr. J. M. Laplante, O.M.I. in <i>The Wanderer</i> (10 March 1966). &#8220;In other times, that news would have covered the world with headlines. But nowadays? I doubt if <i>La Croix</i> and <i>Les Informations Catholiques Internationales of Paris</i>, or the liberal Catholic weeklies, will give much coverage or comment to that sublime act of faith.&#8221;</p>
<p>&#8220;But what an act of reparation,&#8221; Fr. Laplante wrote, for the errant priests who do not believe in the Holy Eucharist and desecrate the Blessed Sacrament themselves. &#8220;The fact that, in 1966, a politician, a statesman, the Anglican Queen&#8217;s immediate representative in Québec, imitated the gesture of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarcisius">St. Tarcisius</a> should be shouted from the rooftops. … Yes, His Excellency Paul Comtois, host of Christ in Bois-de-Coulonge Manor, gave up his life for the sake of Christ the Host!&#8221;</p>
<p>Sister Maureen Peckham, R.S.C.J., wrote in 1988 of the Lieutenant-Governor&#8217;s heroic death in her introduction to John Cotter&#8217;s <i>The Affirmation of Paul Comtois</i>:</p>
<p><span class="dcap2">&#8220;O</span>ver twenty years have passed since, in an act of gallant generosity, a supernaturally splendid &#8216;beau geste&#8217;, Paul Comtois, Lieutenant-Governor of the Province of Québec, laid down his life for his Friend in the Blessed Sacrament. His story, far from making the headlines, was considered, by the secular press, not newsworthy, and, by the Catholic press, an embarrassment. The Church of the second half of the twentieth century is, to its shame, not noted for its faith in the Blessed Sacrament, and, one can only deduce that it was fear of being considered foolish and old-womanish — or, worse still, old hat — by an unbelieving world that caused the leaders of the Church in Québec to pass over, in blushing silence, Mr. Comtois&#8217;s noble deed.&#8221;</p>
<p>&#8220;Yet, Paul Comtois was a man of the world, a well-known socialite, one who had reached the heights of worldly glory; he was one whom the world could recognize as its own. Furthermore, his chivalrous and brave death should, even on the human and wordly level, have merited the title of hero. That he, who had been honored by the world during his lifetime, should have been ignored by the world at the moment of his death, can only be explained by the fact that he died for One Whom the world does not recognize and has ever refused to acknowledge.&#8221;</p>
<p>&#8220;The glorious martyrdom of Paul Comtois, passed over as it was by an unbelieving world, and by an all too unbelieving Church, has, nonetheless, remained in the faithful memory of God&#8217;s true friends. That one of these should today be putting into print Mr. Comtois&#8217;s shining witness of charity, in its radical and essential loveliness, is indeed a welcome and joyous event. May this inspiring story enflame the hearts of all who read it with an undying love for the Lord of the Tabernacle.&#8221;</p>
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